tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-75857432502909140472024-03-16T11:52:44.355-07:00MBA and B.tech class notes.A Class notes for MBA- first year students, on principles of management in simple language,- Introduction of management, Scientific management(Taylor law). this blog guide the student to achieve your career, personality development and career,job related article. richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.comBlogger17125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-61080012834555308222014-02-10T22:36:00.001-08:002014-02-10T22:36:14.255-08:00Hindi Blog For Motivational, Personal Development Article,knowledge of computers technology, job : Gandhi ji, - I heard that Mahatma are formed in y...<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.com/2014/02/gandhi-ji-i-heard-that-mahatma-are.html?spref=bl">Hindi Blog For Motivational, Personal Development Article,knowledge of computers technology, job : Gandhi ji, - I heard that Mahatma are formed in y...</a>: Gandhi ji,- मैंने सुना है कि आप के ashram में महात्मा बनते हैं , मैं mahatma बनना चाहता हूँ , Gandhi is a great mahatma G...richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-21465732342846919522013-07-04T11:35:00.001-07:002013-08-26T06:56:46.987-07:006 Most Important Interview Question with Answer for Fresher<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<i><span style="color: #38761d;">B.tech and MBA Class Notes</span></i><br />
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><span style="color: #990000;">6 Most
important <a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/how-to-increase-wealth-constantly.html" target="_blank">Interview</a> Question with Answer</span></b><span style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1.) Tell
Me About your self ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">My name is
Seema Verma , and I'm a senior at loreto High School, where I'm preparing to go
to college for <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Management</a> I'm good at public speaking, and I've been a group
leader on several school projects . I want to get closer to the subject of
Public Relation, so I think being the public relation officer in your office
would be a good step for me.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">2). </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What are your strengths?</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">My <a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/competition-between-sparrow-and-vulture.html" target="_blank">strongest</a>
strength is the ability to teach myself difficult material. Additionally, I have
always excelled verbally and look forward to writing opportunities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3). </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What are your weaknesses?</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">I
tend to try to do too many things, leaving little time for myself. I have
worked on balancing myself for the last several months. I am also working on
improving my <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">public</a> speaking skills.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">4). What
are your </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Interests/ hobbies ?</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Some
of my interests include dogs, hiking, water sports, writing, reading
(especially Chetan Bhagat novels),
skiing, drawing, crafts, and computers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">5). </span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Which is more important to you, your salary or your <a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">job</a>?</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Salary
is important, but I couldn't stay with a job that brought me misery when I
could support Myself doing something else;
hence, my job is more important.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">6).</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> what kind of work <a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">environment</a> does you like the <a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">best</a>?</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">I
enjoy working with friendly co-workers who can share a laugh while working hard
and overachieving.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #84b320; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;">a moment is the answer to all of lifes mysteries!</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #e36c0a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Notes- </span><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #984806; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">this post shared here are base on my study in case you find anything wrong and missing points than please bring it to my notice.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 21px;">Recommended Link</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Importance</a> <a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Of</a> Management</span></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2013/01/levels-of-management.html" target="_blank">Level of management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Henri fayol</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thoughts</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">Objective of managemen</a>t</div>
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other links<br />
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<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/swan-rational-creature-motivational.html" target="_blank"><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">हंस</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> – </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">एक</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">विवेकशील</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">प्राणी</span></b></a><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/swan-rational-creature-motivational.html" target="_blank">Hans - A Rational Creature</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">धन</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">कि</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">वृद्धि</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">लगातार</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">कैसे</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">करें</span></b></a><b><span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/how-to-increase-wealth-constantly.html" target="_blank">How to increase wealth constantly</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/competition-between-sparrow-and-vulture.html" target="_blank"><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">गौरेया</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">और</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">गिद्ध</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">में</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Mangal","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">प्रतियोगिता</span></b></a><b><span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/competition-between-sparrow-and-vulture.html" target="_blank">Competition betweenSparrow and vulture </a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><u><span style="color: #9bbb59; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3;"><a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/incredible-humility-inspirational-story.html" target="_blank">Incredible Humility</a><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Motivational quotes</a><br />
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-61512315394324794132013-02-13T22:53:00.000-08:002013-08-02T07:55:48.945-07:00Planing and Its Importance in Organization.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><i><span style="color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">MBA and B.tech class notes </span></i></b><span style="color: #4f6228; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="line-height: 150%;"><i><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: text2;">What is Planning ?</span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Planning is the process of determining the objective of
administrative effort and of devising in the organization. It‘s involves in the
<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/swan-rational-creature-motivational.html" target="_blank">creation</a> and maintenance of plan. It is an endeavor to apply foresight to human
activities based on research in the organization. Planning is the preparation
for action to achieve organization goal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #632423; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">Definitions:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">O’Donnell and Weihrish: </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> “Planning is an intellectually demanding
process; it requires the conscious determination of courses of action and the
basing of decisions on purpose, knowledge and considered estimates.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Urwick:</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> “Planning is a mental predisposition to do
things in orderly way, to think before acting and to act in the light of facts
rather than guesses”. Planning is deciding best alternative among others to
perform different managerial functions in order to achieve predetermined goals. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mc
Farland:</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> “Planning may be broadly defined as a concept
of executive action that embodies the skills of anticipating, influencing and
controlling the <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/nature-of-management.html" target="_blank">nature</a> and direction of Change.”</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Allen:</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> “A plan is a trap laid to
<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/how-to-increase-wealth-constantly.html" target="_blank">capture the future</a>.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">G.R. Terry:</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> “Planning is the selection and relating of
facts and making and using of assumptions regarding the future in the
visualization and formalization of proposed activities believed necessary to
achieve desired results.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: text2;">Planning is an
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance</a> Function of <a href="http://evolution%20of%20management%20theory/" target="_blank">Management</a>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Planning is the most
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">important</a> and primary managerial function in the organization because it
determine the facts of the organization for achieving the required objectives.
All <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">functions</a> of an organization depend upon it to achieve goal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Planning gives right direction to the organization.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Planning increases the efficiency of an organization.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It helps to achieve <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">objectives</a> of the organization.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It helps management in decision making.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Decisions are made by the administration to ascertain activities
to find the objectives.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Managers determine the goals and prepare strategies to achieve
them.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Future results are fore sighted.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It filled the gap between where we are and where we desire to go.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It aids in organizing all available resources.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It reduces the risks involved in business activities.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It facilitates proper coordination between employees within an
organization.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It is important to maintain a good managerial control.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It motivates the personnel of an organization.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It encourages managers' creativity and innovation.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Thus, planning is essential in any organization for effective
management. It helps to achieve goals or target by using the available resources
and time. It provides a rational approach to pre-selected objective of
organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Its concepts is to identify what the organization what organization
want to do by answering these questions, which are-</span></div>
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<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Where are we today in
terms of business?</span></b></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Where we are going?</span></b></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Where we want to go?</span></b></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">What to want to do for
achieving it?</span></b></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">When is the deadline?</span></b></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Where will this be
done?</span></b></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Who will be
responsible for it?</span></b></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">How will it get done?</span></b></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">How much time, energy,
and resources are required to accomplish this goal?</span></b></li>
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<b style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="color: #00b050; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.2pt; margin-left: 19.2pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="color: #00b050; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px;"> Nb:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space" style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 28px;"><span style="color: #cc0000;">In near future I will be sharing a post on “ Types of Plan ”.</span></span><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;"> </span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #e36c0a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">Notes- </span><span style="background: white; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;">this post shared here are base on my study
in case you find anything wrong and missing points than please bring it to my
notice.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: red;">Recommended links</span> </div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" target="_blank">Modern management theory</a> </div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">Objective of management </a> </div>
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<span id="goog_1278436163"></span><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance Management</a><span id="goog_1278436164"></span> </div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a> </div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Henri fayol</a> </div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thoughts</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Scientific management</a></div>
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<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/how-to-increase-wealth-constantly.html" target="_blank"><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: Mangal, serif; font-size: 12pt;">धन</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: Mangal, serif; font-size: 12pt;">कि</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: Mangal, serif; font-size: 12pt;">वृद्धि</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: Mangal, serif; font-size: 12pt;">लगातार</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: Mangal, serif; font-size: 12pt;">कैसे</span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></b><b><span lang="HI" style="color: #548dd4; font-family: Mangal, serif; font-size: 12pt;">करें</span></b></a><br />
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-37440564334213564252013-01-18T02:23:00.000-08:002013-07-28T09:23:23.072-07:00Scientific Management- (Contribution of F.W. Taylor)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Franklin Gothic Demi Cond","sans-serif"; font-size: 24pt;"><span style="color: #cc0000;">Scientific Management</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18pt;">(Contribution of F.W. Taylor)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 24px;">Frederick Winslow Taylor was first person who gave Scientific Management in 1911. He also called the father of scientific management.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 24px;">Scientific Management was concerned to improving the operational efficiency at the shop-floor level.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;">According to Taylor</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;">, <span style="color: #943634;">“scientific <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">management</a> means knowing exactly what you want men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;">Scientific management is based on the analysis, planning and control functions. And job accomplished by analyzing, and works can selected and trained scientifically. In this, management role is to determine the kind of work for which an employee suited and hire and assign workers accordingly. Management is not responsible for execution of work but they are responsible for how the work is done. Co-operation between management and workers can enhance the work and achieve the maximum output.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;">Taylor called it as <b>“Mental Revolution”</b>, because it creates the mutual understanding, trust and confidence between the management and workers for achieving goal (higher production).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18pt;">Principles of scientific Management<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;">Under scientific management, Taylor developed the following parameters for organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Scientific work study<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Task planning<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Tools and materials<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Selection and Training<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Standardization<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Worker management interrelationships<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Differential piece wage system<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;"> </span></b><b style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;"> </span></b><b style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18pt;">Objective of Scientific Management</span></b></div>
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<b style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;"> </span></b><b style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt;"> </span></b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px; text-indent: -0.25in;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px; text-indent: -0.25in;">Scientific utilization of various resources like human power, material etc.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">To provide trained and efficient work force.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">To provide standardize methods of work.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">To provide a scientific base for selecting material, and equipment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">To provide extra wages to the worker for higher production.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Replace old rule of thumbs to new scientific methods.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">To develop a good rapport between management and workers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">To achieve higher production, with reduce costs and maximum efficiency.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 31px;">Less wastage.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #990000;">Recommended links</span><br />
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of Management</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/nature-of-management.html" target="_blank">Nature of Management</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance of Management</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2013/01/levels-of-management.html" target="_blank">Level of Management</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">Objective of Management</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" target="_blank">Modern Management Theory</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Hanri Fayol theory</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thought</a><br />
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Other Links<br />
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<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/how-to-increase-wealth-constantly-in.html" target="_blank">How to increse wealth</a><br />
<a href="http://prathamprayaas.blogspot.in/2013/07/swan-rational-creature-motivational.html" target="_blank">swan rational-creature</a></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-76699732762796268462013-01-08T22:33:00.000-08:002013-07-28T09:26:08.392-07:00Principle of management:- Contribution of Henri Fayol, Administrative Management theory in classical theory of management<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Franklin Gothic Demi Cond","sans-serif"; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span><b><span style="color: #f79646; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-themecolor: accent6;">Evaluation of management</span></b></div>
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<li><b><span style="color: #f79646; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-themecolor: accent6;">The Classical theory of management </span></b></li>
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<span style="font-family: "Franklin Gothic Demi Cond","sans-serif"; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Administrative Management<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;">(Contribution of Henri Fayol)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Henri Fayol was real father of
modern Management. Henri Fayol is the French industrialist in 1841-1925. He was
a mining engineer in. Henri Fayol spent
his entire working career in French industry; French cool and iron combine of
commentary fourchambault. Henri Fayol developed a general theory of Business
Administration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Henri Fayol was concerned the
principles of organization and the function of management. Fayol laid the
foundation of management as a separate body of knowledge. He always insisted
that if scientific forecasting and proper methods are used in management than
company can get satisfactory results. According to Fayol, management was not
personal talent; it is a knowledge base skill. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Henri Fayol’s Administrative
Management is based on six admin activities. They are-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Technical
:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
Production and manufacture<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Managerial :</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
Planning, controlling, co-ordination <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Commercial : </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Purchasing
and selling<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Financial :</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
Use of capital<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Accounting :</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
Asset, Liabilities, cost, profits<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Security
:</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">
Protection of goods and <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Person</span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">Fayol’s fourteen Principles of
management</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fayol derived the following fourteen principles.-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Division
of work:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Division of work means specialization. Each job and
work should be divided into small task and should be assigned to specialist of
it. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Authority
and responsibility:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Authority means right to give order and
command while responsibility means to accomplish objective.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Discipline:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
Discipline is required at every level in every organization. Fayol stated
discipline in terms of obedience, application, and respect to superiors.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Unity
of command:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> A subordinate should receive order from
only one boss.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Unity
of direction:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> It means that all the works of an
organization must work together to accomplish a common objective in under one
plan and head.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Subordination
of individual interest to common interest:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Worker follows
the common interest of organization rather than individual.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Remuneration:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
Remuneration should be fair and adequate. It includes both types of incentives
financial as well as non financial. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Centralization:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
There should be one central point in organization which exercises overall
direction and control of all the parts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Scalar
Chain:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Scalar chain is the chain or line of command from
superior to subordinates.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Order:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
Only proper order can give an efficient management.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Equity:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
Equity creates loyalty and devotion among the employees.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Stability
of tenure personnel:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Security of job for an employee in an
organization is very important and pre-requisite condition. Retaining
productive employee should always a higher priority of management.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Esprit
de corps:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Management should encourage harmony and proper understandings
between workers. Fayol said that in union there is strength. Whole organization
should work as a team.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Initiative:
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Manager
should be encouraged the employees Initiative for creative working.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-12316868841969904892013-01-04T02:09:00.000-08:002013-01-04T02:09:48.647-08:00Levels of Management<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="color: #660000;">B.tech and MBA Class Notes</span><br />
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<b><span style="color: #17365d; font-family: "Franklin Gothic Medium","sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Level of Management<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Management has various activities in an organization.
These activities are controlled by different people at different level. The
term “level” of management refers to a lines of demarcation between various
managerial position is an organization.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">The levels of <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">management</a> can be classified in these broad
categories</span><b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #632423; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">.-</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #632423; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><u><b>Top level:</b></u><b> </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Top
management also called administrative level management. It is a central
management. Top management of a company is constituted by its board of
directors and the chief executive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Functions:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Top management formulates <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">objectives</a> and establishes
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">goals</a> and policies of company.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It determines the basic pattern of the organization
structure.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It prepares strategic plans and policies for
organization.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It prepares overall budgets and programs for short terms
and long terms operations.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It is responsible for the success or failure of the
organization.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It is responsible for maintain public relations with the
outside world.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It provides guidance and direction to all department of
organization.</span></li>
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<b><span style="color: #632423; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;"><u>Middle Level:</u></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">In
large organization is bifurcated into two parts upper middle or intermediate
management.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Middle management is constituted by branch managers,
departmental and sectional managers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Function:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They receive orders from top level <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">management</a>. and develops
derivative <a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">objectives</a> and policies.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They are responsible for co-coordinating the activities
within the branch and department.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They interpret policies and direction from top level
management to lower level.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They motivate the day to day function of the management.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They affect co-ordination between top management and
supervisory management.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They linked the
top level management to lower level management.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They send progress report of their work to top level
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">management</a>.</span></li>
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<b><span style="color: #632423; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;"><u>Lower level:</u><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Lower level is also known as supervisory or operative level.
It is constituted by superintendents, foreman and inspectors.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Function:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They guide and direct the worker for daily activities.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They arrange material required by the workers.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They are responsible for the performance of workers.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They supervise and guide the sub-ordinates.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They ensure the quality of work completed in a given
time.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They are planning and completing day to day work.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">They direct contact with the workers.</span></li>
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<span style="background: white; color: #e36c0a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">Notes- </span><span style="background: white; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;">this post shared here are base on my study
in case you find anything wrong and missing points than please bring it to my
notice.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 21px; line-height: 31px;">Evolution</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0b5394; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"> Of management</span></span></a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Taylor's contribution</a><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Classical theory</a><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 21px; line-height: 31px;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Max Weber-1900</a></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Bureaucracy Management</a></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #0b5394; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Henri Fayol</a></span></span><br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thought</a></span></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-8863350093117907672012-12-25T06:32:00.000-08:002013-01-08T00:34:02.109-08:00Nature of Management<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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B.tech and MBA class notes</div>
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<b><span style="color: #5f497a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent4; mso-themeshade: 191;">Discuss the nature of
the management.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><i><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Nature of Management<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">The nature of management
has the following features.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Universal process: -</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Management is universal in nature;
it is applied in all types of process like commercial, social or political.
Management exists everywhere in universe. The basic principles of management
can be applied everywhere, whether they are business or non-business
organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Continuous Process: - </span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Management is a never ending
process. Management is a continuous process because it always carries the past
decisions for the future course of action to achieve organization goals.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Multi-disciplinary method: - </span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Management is
basically multi-disciplinary; it depends on the proper knowledge and skill of
various disciplines such as economics statistics, anthropology, psychology,
sociology etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Group activity: -</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Management requires the use
of group-efforts to achieve their goal. Management is a vital part of group
activities. Management unites with their goal what they cannot achieve individually.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Intangible force: -</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Management is intangible.
It is an unseen force, but its presents seem in the form of results. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Social Management: -</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Management is a social
process in nature, it essentially involves managing people, it concern to developing,
retaining and motivating people at work place and also care of their satisfaction.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Coordinating force: -</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Management cannot do
anything by them. They should get their work done by organization’s member. In the
any organization, management coordinates the efforts of human recourse through orderly.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <b><span style="color: #00b050;">Goal oriented:
-</span></b> Management is a goal oriented in nature. It works only to achieve particular
goal which decide by the organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Relative, not absolute principles: -</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Management
principles are relative not absolute, because they should be applied according
to need and condition of the organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">An integrative method: -</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Management integrated the
living and non-living resources to achieve the desired goal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #e36c0a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">Notes-
</span><span style="background: white; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;">this
post shared here are base on my study in case you find anything wrong and
missing points than please bring it to my notice.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">Recommended links</span><br />
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance Management</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">Objective of management</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" target="_blank">Modern management theory</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Henri fayol theory</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Classical theory of management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thoughts</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Scientific management</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Talyor theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2013/01/levels-of-management.html" target="_blank">Level of management</a> </div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><span style="color: red;">Spiritual links</span></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://crativelearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/har-har-mahadev-god-of-light.html" target="_blank">Mahadev ( A Light of God)</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/09/son-of-god-great-indian-sage-and-seer.html" target="_blank">A great sage-Son of god</a></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-24407948317805964422012-12-24T10:05:00.001-08:002012-12-24T10:06:26.624-08:00blogadda_ code<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<span style="color: red;">Indian directory BlogAdda code</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.blogadda.com" title="Visit blogadda.com to discover Indian blogs"> <img src="http://www.blogadda.com/images/blogadda.png" width="80" height="15" border="0" alt="Visit blogadda.com to discover Indian blogs" /></a></div>
richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-83775813651914940792012-12-20T10:11:00.002-08:002013-01-08T21:24:03.669-08:00Importance of management<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
B.tech and MBA class notes<br />
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<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #5f497a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent4; mso-themeshade: 191;"><br /></span></i></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #5f497a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent4; mso-themeshade: 191;">Importance
of Management<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #5f497a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent4; mso-themeshade: 191;"><br /></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Management is the catalyst
and brain of industry without which no any organization can established or
survive in the business environment. But, management was not know in old times
as it presently seems, it became this world at the beginning of the industrial
revolution when the scale of production
became vary large and need to control its various stage of production and
distribution problems in the industries. This problem required an immediate
action and attention for the coordinate of work. Thus management was born in
industries to solve and manage industrial conditions. Now management is
worldwide in the modern industry. It becomes essential part of modern industrial
world.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="background: white; color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">According to Trucker,</span><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #632423; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">"management
is the dynamic life-giving element in every business. Without it the resources
of production remain resources and never become production. Management is the
catalyst without which no organization can survive and grow”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #632423; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #1f497d; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: text2;">According
to Peter Druker</span><span style="background: white; color: #548dd4; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">,” management is the crucial factor in economic and
social development.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #548dd4; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Thus the importance of
management can be summarized as below-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
</div>
<ul>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Formulate
objectives and goals</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">: -</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"> Management determines the objectives and main goals for the
organization.</span></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Innovation:
-</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"> Management encourages to using new technology
and ideas. Innovation makes the organization more efficient.</span></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Guidance:
-</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"> Management provides guidance to the workers to
work properly and efficiently.</span></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Motivation:
-</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">Management motivates the workers to work hard by
providing them various incentives. They also solve their personal problems.</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">In this way they can boost
the productivity and profitability of the organization.</span></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Reducing
cost by increasing output: -</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"> Management does work through planning, organizing and controlling;
thus, it reducing the cost and increasing the output.</span></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Optimum
utilization of resources: - </span></b><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">Management utilizes all the physical and human resource effectively;
this leads to efficiency in organization. Management provides maximum
utilization of scare resources by selecting its best possible alternate. It
avoids wastage to utilize proper </span><span style="font-size: 21px; line-height: 42px;">resources</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">.</span></span></span></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Selection
of well qualified human power: -</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"> Management selects well qualified and expert human power for different
works.</span></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Establishes
Equilibrium:-</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"> Management
helps in serving an organization in its dynamic environment. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">It enables the
organization to survive in changing environment.</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;"> The environment of organization changes due to external complexities
and hence management has to deal with it. To establish sound organizational structure
is one of the objectives of management.</span></li>
<li><b style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="background: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 128;">Useful
for society: - </span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">Management provided
good standard of living to his workers. And management provides useful and quality
products to the consumers.</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">At the last, </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #4f6228; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 200%;">in
the word of Peter Druker,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> </span><span style="background: white; color: #365f91; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-themecolor: accent1; mso-themeshade: 191;">“Management is the dynamic life
giving element in every business without it the resources of production remains
resources and never become production”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
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<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; color: #e36c0a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">Notes- </span><span style="background: white; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;">this post shared here are base on my study
in case you find anything wrong and missing points than please bring it to my
notice.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #cc0000; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">My </span><span style="font-size: 21px; line-height: 31px;">Recommended</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"> Links</span></span><br />
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; color: #cc0000; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; color: #cc0000; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance Management</a></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; color: #cc0000; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="background: white; color: #cc0000; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Objective of management</a><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #cc0000; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Modern management theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Henri fayol Theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Classical management theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Evolution of management thoughts</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Scientific management Theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Talyor theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2013/01/levels-of-management.html" target="_blank">Level of management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/nature-of-management.html" target="_blank">Nature of management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 42px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 42px;">My </span><span style="line-height: 42px;">Spiritual</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 42px;"> Links</span></div>
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">
<div style="color: black;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;"><span style="color: #365f91; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 42px;"><a href="http://my%20spiritual%20blogs%20a%20great%20sage-%20sri%20ram%20sharam%20aacharya%28shanti%20kunj%2Charidwar%29/" target="_blank">A great Sage- sri Ram Sharam Aacharya(Shanti kunj,Haridwar)</a></span></o:p></span></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;"><a href="http://crativelearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/har-har-mahadev-god-of-light.html" target="_blank">Mahadev- A light of God</a></span></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-34756354812864380082012-12-15T06:09:00.001-08:002013-01-07T03:07:28.903-08:00Objectives of Management- in principles of management..- MBA first year class notes.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="color: purple; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 27px;">Principles of Management</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 27px;"> </span></div>
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<b><u><span style="color: #943634; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">Objectives of management</span><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Managing an organization effectively requires the
formulation of clear objectives. The objective is well defined, and the
objective points (question) of making necessary efforts to achieve it. Objects
and aims direct a man to proceed in a certain way for achieving organizational aims.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Objective serves as guidelines or landmarks or road lines
for action and efforts to achieve managerial goal. Well defined objective steers an organization to success.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">According to George R.
Terry</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, </span><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: text2;">"A
managerial objective is the goal which prescribes definite scope and suggests
the efforts of a manager."</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In the words of Peter F.
Drucker,</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">
</span><span style="color: #632423; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">"Objectives in the key areas are the
'instrument panel' necessary to pilot the business enterprise. Without them the
management flies by the 'seat of the pants' without landmarks, without maps and
without having flow route before."</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">According to Heinz
Weihrich and Harold Koontz defined objectives of management as</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, </span><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-themecolor: text2;">“A systematic
manner and that is consciously directed toward that effective and efficient
achievement of organizational and individual objectives”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Objective
provides a direction for the organization goal and quality of work to be
accomplished within a given period of time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Objectives
are the values which are to be achieved by the organization. These objectives set
by the higher management; and every level of management, a supervisor of a team
sets the objectives and also decides the process to achieve them. For achieving
the objectives, it is essential that the managerial objectives are clear and
definite.<b><u><o:p></o:p></u></b></span></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #274e13;">The
main objectives of management:-</span></span></u></b></div>
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<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">To
increasing organizational effectiveness.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">To
achieve optimum utilization of various resources.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">To
have co-ordination between various department in the organization.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">To
have co-ordination between various agencies, and company.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">To
control the material quality.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">To
reduces the execution time for various activities of the organization.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">To
control the quality of workmanship.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">To
manage and control economy execution.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 15pt;"> </span></li>
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<span style="color: #38761d; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 15pt;"><b> Notes:</b> </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 15pt;">this post shared here are base on my knowledge and study in case you find anything wrong and missing </span><span style="line-height: 20px;">points</span><span style="line-height: 15pt;"> than bring it to my notice.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: normal;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a></span><br />
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-84668706591915000292012-09-03T10:38:00.000-07:002013-01-08T21:29:42.936-08:00Son of God.. The Great Indian Sage and Seer... Shri Ram Sharma Acharaya.- he is a lighting the spiritual path. <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">” Bhoor bhoovah sovah
tats-vitur varenyam bhargo </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">devasya dhee-
mahi dhiyao yo- nah prachodayat”</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Shri Ram Sharma was a
Indian sage and seer. He pioneered the revival of spirituality. He was a pious of
Gayatri Mata and great student of Dada Guru shri Sarweshwra Nand. He was
integrated the modern and ancient science and religion. Pandit Shriram Sharma
was great devotee of Goddess Gayatri. He was master in the highest kind of
Gayatri Shadana and Tantra which is described in Vedas and Hinduism. He gave
simple shadhana method which could be easily pursued by the common person. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Birth<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Shriram Sharma Acharya
was born on the 20<sup>th</sup> September 1911 as the son of Pandit Roopkishore Sharma and Dankunvari Devi
in Anvalkhera, dist. Agra, India.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Personality:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Shriram Sharma Acharya
personality was a pious, yogi, Spiritual scientist, prominent philosopher, researcher,
writer freedom fighter, eminent scholar and visionary of new era.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The Establishment of Shantikunj<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">He was a founder of the
All World Gayatri Priwar, Which has its headquarters at Shantikunj Haridwar,
India; Established in 1971. Shantikunj
initiated and guided by pandit Shriram Sharma
Acharya ji’s vision, has grown into a sovereign university.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The unique
spiritual austere abode, from where the great Gayatri moment was launched by
Pandit Shriram Sharma Acharya ji. The Place has had considerable growth and
development with a wide range of followers given to the powerful austere
pursuit of Gayatri, including meditation, havan, Mantra chatting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The great sage lived an
ideal life for 80 years and voluntarily shed his physical sheath on Gayatri
Jayantri-2<sup>nd</sup> June, 1990 at Haridwar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">He authored more than
3000 inspiring literature. He explains the philosophy of Upanishads and created
new Puranas and Pyagaya Purana.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jai Guru Dev…
Jai Ma Gayatri <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #00b050; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Note: </span></b><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">This post shared here are base on my </span></span><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Knowledge</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"> in case you find anything wrong and missing points than please bring it
to my notice.</span></span><b style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #00b050;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance of Management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-%20of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">Objective of management</a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" target="_blank">Modern management theory</a></span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Henri Fayol Theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Evolution of management theory</a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Management thoughts</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Talyor theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Scientific Management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a></div>
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<o:p> </o:p><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2013/01/levels-of-management.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Level of management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/nature-of-management.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Nature of management</a></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-87090604592484518292012-09-02T02:11:00.000-07:002013-01-08T21:42:58.360-08:00Modern Management theory in principle of management,<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><i><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">MBA and B.tech class
notes</span></span></i></b><b><i><span style="color: #c0504d; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: accent2;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><i><span style="color: #c0504d; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: accent2;">Modern Management Theory<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Management is one or the other form has existed in
every nook and corner of the world since the dawn of civilization. Modern
Management has grown with the growth of social-economics and scientific
institution. Modern view consists that a worker does not work for only money.
They work for their satisfaction and happiness with good living style. Here
Non- financial award is most important factor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Modern management theories started after 1950s.
Modern management theory focuses the development of each factor of workers and
organization. Modern management theory refers to emphasizing the use of
systematic mathematical techniques in the system with analyzing and
understanding the inter-relationship of management and workers in all aspect. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It has
following three Streams-</span></div>
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<li><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Quantitative Approach</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">System Approach</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Contingency Approach</span></li>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #660000;">Quantitative
Approach:</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quantitative approach also called Operation
Research. Quantitative approach is a
scientific method. It emphasizes the use of statistical model and systematic
mathematical techniques to solving complex management problems. Its helps the
management to making decisions in operations. It can only suggest the
alternatives based on statistical data. It cannot take final decision.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">It helps the management for improving their decision
making by increasing the number of alternatives and giving faster decisions on
any problem. Management can easily calculate the risk and benefit of various
actions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">Major contributors in </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quantitative Approach are-<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Johan
MacDonald<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">George R.
Terry<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Andrew
Szilagyi</span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #660000;">System
approach:</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">System approach was developed inlate1960s. Herbert
A. Simon is the father of system theory. A
System is defined as a set of regularly interacting or inter - dependent
components that create as a whole unit. The system concept enables us to see
the critical variables and constraints and their interactions with one another.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">According
to Cleland and King</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">; <span style="color: #7030a0;">“ A system
is composed of related and dependent elements which when in interaction from a unity whole”.</span></span><b><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">Characteristics of
system approach:</span></b></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">A system must have
some specific components, units or </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">sub units</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">.</span></span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">A Change in one
system affects the other subsystems.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Every system is
influenced by super system.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">All systems along
their subsystem must have some common objectives.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">A system is a
goal-oriented.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">A system cannot
survive in isolation.</span></li>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">Major contributors
in system theories are-<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<li><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">Daniel
Katz,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">Robert L.
Khan,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">Richard
A. Johnson.</span></li>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #660000;">Contingency
Approach:</span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Contingency
Approach also knows as situational approach. In 1980s, it is recognized as a
key to effective management. This approach accepts the dynamics and
complexities of the organization structure. An organization is affected by its
environment and environment is composed by physical resources, climate,
persons, culture, economic and market conditions and their laws. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> This approach argues that there is no one
universally applicable set of rules by which to manage organization. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">Major contributors
in the contingency theories are-<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<li><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">G.M. Stalker,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Joan Woodward,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Tom Burns,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Paul R. Lawrence,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">L.W. Lorsch.</span></li>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #cc0000;">Conclusion</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">Modern management
theory depends upon System approach and Contingency approach. Management is influenced
by Internal and external environment. Appropriate techniques are determined by situation
and Environmental factors of an organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"> Thus the conclusion is that there cannot be
any fixed universal principles of management and organizations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #00b050; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nb:</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> In near future I will be sharing a
post on “Objectives of management”.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #00b050; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Note: </span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">This post shared here are base on my
study in case you find anything wrong and missing points than please bring it
to my notice.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="color: #00b050;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #990000;">Recommended links</span><br />
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance Management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">Objective of management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" target="_blank">Modern management theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Henri fayol theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Classical theory of management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thoughts</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Talyor theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2013/01/levels-of-management.html" target="_blank">Level of management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/nature-of-management.html" target="_blank">Nature of management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Scientific theory</a></div>
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<o:p><span style="color: #990000;">My Spiritual blogs link</span></o:p></div>
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<a href="http://crativelearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/har-har-mahadev-god-of-light.html" target="_blank">Mahadev ( A Light of God)</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/09/son-of-god-great-indian-sage-and-seer.html" target="_blank">Son of God ( A great Sage)</a></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-72189520961889970242012-08-28T10:32:00.000-07:002013-01-08T22:29:45.074-08:00 Class notes on "Neo- classical theory" (principle of management) for MBA- 1st year student<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14.5pt; line-height: 150%;">MBA and B.tech class notes</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><i><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Evolution of Management Thought</span></i></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Neo- Classical Theory</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Neo- classical theory is also referred to as </span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">behavioral<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank"> science</a>
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">approach</a></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> to modifying and
improving the classical theory. While <span style="color: blue;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">classical theories</a></span> focused more on structure
and physical aspects of the worker and Neo-classical theory gives importance to
human and social aspects of the worker and his relations in the organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">The neo-classical theory is based on the</span><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Hawthrone
experiments</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">.
Elton Mayo conducted the Hawthrone experiments at Hawthron plant of General
Electronic Company (GEC) between 1927 and 1993 at Chicago with 30,000 workers.
The Hawthron plant was manufacturing telephone system bell. The objective of
the experiment was to find out the behavior and attitude of workers at
workplace under better working conditions. In the company, when management
provide the benefits of medical allowance and pension with recreational
facilities. Even thought workers get all facilities but the productivity was
not up to expectation. So, in 1924, the professor Elton Mayo and his research
team investigate the reasons for dissatisfaction of employees and
decrease in productivity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #92d050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Four Phase of
Hawthrone experiments:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Prof. Elton Mayo and his team conducted
researches in four phases.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Illumination experiments (1924
– 1927)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Relay assembly room experiments
(1927 – 1928)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mass interviewing programme
(1928 -1930)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
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1932)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><b><span style="color: #92d050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Result of Hawthrone Experiments:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Motivation:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Employees are not
motivated by only money (bonus scheme and incentive).<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Communication:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> communication helps the
management and employees to have better mutual understanding. Through
proper communication, management can easily identified the
problem faced by its employees and can easily solve out.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Social factors:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Social factors are
responsible for deciding the level of output.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Behavior of
workers:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> workers
are not as individual identity but as members of a group in an
organization and they have their own norms and beliefs. Workers behavior
depends upon his mental level and emotions. Workers began to influence
their group behavior towards management.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Relationship:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Employees do not like
order and command. They preferred to maintain amicable relationship with
their co-workers. They want co-operative attitude from their superiors.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Production level:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Teamwork and Group
psychology increases productivity.</span></li>
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<b><span style="color: #92d050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Criticism of Hawthrone
Experiments:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hawthrone experiment was not
conducted scientifically.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> In the experiment,
various format and structure are not feasible.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Eltone Mayo gives more
importance to human aspect and ignoring other important aspects.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Group conflict is
prevalent in an organization.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hawthrone experiment did not
give any recognition to the forces which are responsible for productivity
in the organization.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">During experiment,
Eltone Mayo has assumed that a satisfied employee would be productive. But
the finding was different. There is no link between working condition and
productivity.</span></li>
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<b><span style="color: #92d050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Major contributors of
Neo-classical theory are:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Chris Argyris-</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> He recommended
that worker should be given freedom to make their own judgments.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mary Praker Follett: </span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">He referred group
influence.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dougals Me Gorgor:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> he referred two
views.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">X-theory</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- it is based on
classical theory and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Y-theory</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- it is based on
neo-classical theory.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #990000; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Abraham Maslow:</span></b><b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">He referred individual
needs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Note:</span></b><b><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">This post shared here
are base on my study in case you find anything wrong and missing points than
please bring it to my notice.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #660000;">Recommended links</span></span></div>
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<span style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" target="_blank">Modern management theory</a> </div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Henri fayol theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Classical theory of management</a> </div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thoughts</a></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-20665530748000990412012-08-03T11:22:00.000-07:002013-01-08T22:51:55.246-08:00Evolution of management,- Classical theory of management-- Max Weber's thoughts on management called bureaucracy management.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: Algerian; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Classical
theory of management<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-themecolor: text2;">BUREAUCRACY MANAGEMENT (Max Weber-1900)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Bureaucracy management
is a stream of classical theory of management. Max Weber was the first of
management theorists who were concerned the management structure with the sets
of rule and regulations. Bureaucracy management depends upon administration devices.
Max Weber presents the ideal organization structure. There are four major
characteristics of organizational structure.-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Hierarchical positions</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Rules of system</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Division of </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">labour for specialization</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Impersonal relationship</span></li>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt;">Advantage of bureaucracy management:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Hierarchy of authority.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Employment is based on the technical efficiency.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Eliminate managerial inconsistencies.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">A well understood system.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Maintain the consistency of working.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Rules and regulation of the duties are followed by the employees.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">Records</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"> are kept for future references.</span></span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">People are given authority according to their position in organization.</span></li>
</ul>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt;">Disadvantage of bureaucracy management:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">Human </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 28px;">resources</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"> are not tackled.</span></span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Inter personal relations are discarded.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It does not allow for personal growth and development.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It does not possess adequate.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Organization becomes static and change is not anticipated.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Difficult to keep co-ordination and communication between employees.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">It is a “closed system”.</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="color: #990000;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #990000;">Recommended links</span></div>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance Management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">Objective of management</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Modern management theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Henri fayol theory</a><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Evolution of management thoughts</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Talyor theory of management</a><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2013/01/levels-of-management.html" target="_blank">Level of management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/nature-of-management.html" target="_blank">Nature of management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Scientific management theory</a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #990000;">Spiritual</span></span><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #990000;"> blogs links</span> </span></div>
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<a href="http://crativelearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/har-har-mahadev-god-of-light.html" target="_blank">Mahadev( A Light of God)</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/09/son-of-god-great-indian-sage-and-seer.html" style="line-height: 150%;" target="_blank">Great Indian Sage and SeerSun of god</a></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-2840216742510702962012-08-03T11:00:00.000-07:002013-01-08T22:57:17.669-08:00Evolution of management thought<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><i><b><i><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: purple;">Evolution of Management Thought</span></span></i></b></i></b></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><i><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text2;"><br /></span></i></b></div>
</h4>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Management has been progressively evaluated through
the following three stages.</span></h2>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
Classification theory of management</span></b></h2>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It has three streams:-<br /><ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Bureaucracy : 1900</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Scientific management: 1900-1930</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Administrative / Operational
management: 1916-1940</span></li>
</ol>
</span></span></h2>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;"><br /><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">The
Neo-classical Theory of management</span></h2>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">It has two streams:-</span></h2>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Human Relations: 1930-1950</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Behavioral Approach: 1940-1950</span></li>
</ol>
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Modern
Theory of management</span></h2>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">It has three streams:-</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
</div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Quantitative Approach: 1950-1960</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Systems Approach: 1960s
on words</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Contingency Approach:
1970s on words</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;"> </span></li>
</ol>
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><span style="color: #660000; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 27px; text-align: justify;">Recommended links</span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 36px; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance Management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/objectives-of-management-in-principles.html" target="_blank">Objective of management</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" target="_blank">Modern management theory</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" target="_blank">Neo-classical theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/principle-of-management-contribution-of.html" target="_blank">Henri fayol theory</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Talyor theory of management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Classical theory of management</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thoughts</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Scientific theory of managemen</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2013/01/levels-of-management.html" target="_blank">Level of management</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/nature-of-management.html" target="_blank">Nature of management</a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-91305661491776377402012-07-20T09:33:00.001-07:002013-08-02T08:23:51.878-07:00scientific management ( Taylor's contribution)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Franklin Gothic Demi Cond","sans-serif"; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="color: #cc0000;">Scientific Management</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;">(Contribution of F.W.
Taylor)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Frederick Winslow Taylor was first person who gave
Scientific Management in 1911. He also called the father of scientific
management.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Scientific Management was concerned to
improving the operational efficiency at the shop-floor level.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">According to Taylor</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">, <span style="color: #943634; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">“scientific
management means knowing exactly what you want men to do and seeing that they
do it in the best and cheapest way.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #943634; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">Scientific
management is based on the analysis, planning and control functions. And job
accomplished by analyzing, and works can selected and trained scientifically.
In this, management role is to determine the kind of work for which an employee
suited and hire and assign workers accordingly. Management is not responsible for
execution of work but they are responsible for how the work is done. Co-operation
between management and workers can enhance the work and achieve the maximum
output. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">Taylor
called it as <b>“Mental Revolution”</b>,
because it creates the mutual understanding, trust and confidence between the management
and workers for achieving goal (higher production).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;">Principles of
scientific Management<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">Under
scientific management, Taylor developed the following parameters for
organization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Scientific
work study<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Task
planning<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tools
and materials<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selection
and Training<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Standardization
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Worker
management interrelationships<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Differential
piece wage system<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;">Objective of
Scientific Management<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Scientific
utilization of various resources like human power, material etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">To
provide trained and efficient work force.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">To
provide standardize methods of work.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">To
provide a scientific base for selecting material, and equipment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">To
provide extra wages to the worker for higher production.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Replace
old rule of thumbs to new scientific methods.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">To
develop a good rapport between management and workers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">To
achieve higher production, with reduce costs and maximum efficiency.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Less
wastage.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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richa shuklahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06428348817173406666noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7585743250290914047.post-10403278711092645152012-07-15T07:11:00.002-07:002013-01-07T02:26:19.337-08:00Principle of Management-Introduction and History of management<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Agency FB","sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Management<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Introduction:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Management
is the art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that it is done in
the best and cheapest way”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Management
entails the co-ordination of human effort and material resource toward the
organization to achieve its objectives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
objective of the any enterprise is accomplished through the use of resources.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Management
involves an organized effort to achieve the objectives. Management is the brain
of the enterprises. Management helps in predicting what is going to happen in
future that will influence the working of an enterprise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Definitions of management: <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">According to Dalton E. Mc Farland:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Management
is the fundamental integrating and operating mechanism underlying organized
efforts”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">According to Dr. William
R.spriegel,<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Management
is an executive function which is primarily concerned with carrying out the
board policies laid down by the administration. It is that function of an
enterprise which concerns itself with the direction and control of various
activities to attain the business objectives”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">According To James A.E. Stone</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Management
is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the efforts of
organization members and using all other organizational resources to achieve
stated organizational goals.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> However, a precise definition of
management is not so simple because the term management is used in a variety of
ways, being a new discipline; it has drawn concepts and principles from a
number of disciplines such as statistics, economics, sociology, anthropology
and so on. The result is that each group contribution has treaded management
differently.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">For
example-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sociologists have treated it as a class
or group of person.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Economists have treaded management as a
factor of production.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Naturally, these entire divergent groups view
the nature and scope of management from own point of view.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">History of Management:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
word manage comes from the Italian word <span style="color: #548dd4; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">Maneggiare</span> - means to <span style="color: #943634; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">handle</span> (Handle the problem
with the help of some tools); which is turn derives from the Latin <span style="color: #548dd4; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;">Manus</span>-means
Hand.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">The
French word </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">mesnagement</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">
influenced the development, become management in the last of 17</span><sup style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 115%;">th</sup><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">
century and the beginning of 18</span><sup style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 115%;">th</sup><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"> century.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
concept of organization and administration is old as human civilization but
systematic study of management which started close to 19<sup>th</sup> century;
the contributions in the field of management came from variety of sources.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In
the Egypt- 1300, B.C. Confucius’s Parable gave suggestion for proper public administration
to industry to select capable, honest and unselfish human power.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kautilya
has included principle of state administration in 320B.C. Roman Catholic
Church. He introduced the concept of staff personal in church administration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In
the beginning of 20<sup>th</sup> century, Frederick Winslow Taylor, M.E., D.
Sc., join industry as a Mechanical Engineer and introduce the Concept of
Scientific Management in USA.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Scientific
Management was concerned to improving the operational efficiency at the
shop-floor level.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">IN Taylor words</a>- </span></b><span style="color: #632423; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">“the Scientific
Management is concerned with knowing exactly what you want men to do and then
see in that they do it in the best and cheapest way”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Taylor</a> has emphasis on solving managerial problem
in a scientific way, and produces the principle of scientific management. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #e36c0a; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 191;">Notes- </span><span style="background: white; color: #984806; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-themecolor: accent6; mso-themeshade: 128;">this post shared here are base on my study
in case you find anything wrong and missing points than please bring it to my
notice.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 21px;">Recommended</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"> Links</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span>
<br />
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/principle-of-management-introduction.html" target="_blank">Introduction of management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/09/modern-management-theory-in-principle.html" target="_blank">Modern Management Theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/12/importance-of-management.html" target="_blank">Importance of Management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/scientific-management-taylors.html" target="_blank">Scientific Management</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/class-notes-on-neo-classical-theory.html" target="_blank">Neo-classical Theory</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.com/2012/08/evolution-of-management-thought.html" target="_blank">Evolution of management thought</a></div>
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<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/08/evolution-of-management-classical.html" target="_blank">Classical theory</a><br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;">My Spiritual Blogs</span><br />
<a href="http://managementlearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/09/son-of-god-great-indian-sage-and-seer.html" target="_blank">Son of God</a><br />
<a href="http://crativelearningcenter.blogspot.in/2012/07/har-har-mahadev-god-of-light.html" target="_blank">Mahadev- A light of God</a><br />
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